To obtain a copy of a specific publication, users should contact the publication's publisher directly.
Abstract
Chlorofluorocarbon 11 (CFC-11) has a long history of use as a blowing agent for polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams. The performance characteristics and toxicological properties of CFC-11 are well known. The most likely replacements for CFC-11 in most of these applications are HCFC-123, HCFC-14lb, and possibly, blends thereof. Performance evaluations and toxicity testing of these CFC alternatives are still in progress. Performance evaluations of the CFC alternatives have included several full scale plant trials in which blowing agent emission levels were measured during foaming. Blowing agent concentrations in air were either measured directly, using a portable infrared halocarbon analyzer, or were obtained by drawing air samples into evacuated aerosol cans and later analayzing via gas chromatography. Measured emission levels from these trials are reported. Along with the emission data, preliminary results from the ongoing toxicity studies involving HCFC-123 and HCFC-14lb are discussed. Toxicity testing is being coordinated by two international consortia of CFC producers. The studies are known collectively as the Program for Alternative Fluorocarbon Toxicity Testing or PAFT. the PAFT group I is evaluating HCFC-123 and the PAFT II group is evaluating HCFC=14lb. Testing is expected to be completed by 1992-93. Preliminary results have been released and suggest that both materials can be used safely under appropriate industrial hygiene standards. Taken together, the emissions profiles and available toxicity information provide a basis for consideration of the industrial hygiene characteristics of these alternative blowing agents.
Chlorofluorocarbon 11 (CFC-11) has a long history of use as a blowing agent for polyurethane and polyisocyanurate foams. The performance characteristics and toxicological properties of CFC-11 are well known. The most likely replacements for CFC-11 in most of these applications are HCFC-123, HCFC-14lb, and possibly, blends thereof. Performance evaluations and toxicity testing of these CFC alternatives are still in progress. Performance evaluations of the CFC alternatives have included several full scale plant trials in which blowing agent emission levels were measured during foaming. Blowing agent concentrations in air were either measured directly, using a portable infrared halocarbon analyzer, or were obtained by drawing air samples into evacuated aerosol cans and later analayzing via gas chromatography. Measured emission levels from these trials are reported. Along with the emission data, preliminary results from the ongoing toxicity studies involving HCFC-123 and HCFC-14lb are discussed. Toxicity testing is being coordinated by two international consortia of CFC producers. The studies are known collectively as the Program for Alternative Fluorocarbon Toxicity Testing or PAFT. the PAFT group I is evaluating HCFC-123 and the PAFT II group is evaluating HCFC=14lb. Testing is expected to be completed by 1992-93. Preliminary results have been released and suggest that both materials can be used safely under appropriate industrial hygiene standards. Taken together, the emissions profiles and available toxicity information provide a basis for consideration of the industrial hygiene characteristics of these alternative blowing agents.
Date
10/1990
10/1990
Author(s)
F Dwyer; G Knopeck; L Zwolinski
F Dwyer; G Knopeck; L Zwolinski
Page(s)
400-406
400-406
Keyword(s)
CFC alternatives; CFC-123; CFC-14lb; thermoset;
CFC alternatives; CFC-123; CFC-14lb; thermoset;