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Abstract
Wind loading on loose laid roofing systems involving ballast pavers has been studied by a number of investigators. The majority of the published studies on this topic were based on experimental, i.e., wind tunnel simulations. Becauseof the complex nature of the flow above/beneath such roofing systems, numerical simulation of wind loading on roofing paver systems has been very limited. Amano et al proposed a numerical model for wind pressure beneath roofing pavers (given the external pressure), which employed Bernoulli equation for flows beneath and between papvers. Sun and Bienkiewicz proposed a mathematical/numerical model based on Darcy's law. In their model, Darcy's law was used for flow beneath pavers & Pouiseuille solution was assumed for flow between pavers. This model has been refined by Sun & Bienkiewicz. In the modified model, Darcy's law was assumed for flow beneath and between paveres, and the pressure distribution along paver edges was assumed piecewise linear. The model also allowed more flexibility in modeling of other paver parameters including paver interlock and complex underneath geometry. This paper briefly describes the numerical model developed by Sun & Bienkiewicz and illustrates its application for paver systems of simplified and complex geometry. Numerical results are compared with wind tunnel measurements. Also presented in the paper are preliminary results of parametric numerical studies of the effects of paver size and geometry on the wind loading on roof pavers.
Wind loading on loose laid roofing systems involving ballast pavers has been studied by a number of investigators. The majority of the published studies on this topic were based on experimental, i.e., wind tunnel simulations. Becauseof the complex nature of the flow above/beneath such roofing systems, numerical simulation of wind loading on roofing paver systems has been very limited. Amano et al proposed a numerical model for wind pressure beneath roofing pavers (given the external pressure), which employed Bernoulli equation for flows beneath and between papvers. Sun and Bienkiewicz proposed a mathematical/numerical model based on Darcy's law. In their model, Darcy's law was used for flow beneath pavers & Pouiseuille solution was assumed for flow between pavers. This model has been refined by Sun & Bienkiewicz. In the modified model, Darcy's law was assumed for flow beneath and between paveres, and the pressure distribution along paver edges was assumed piecewise linear. The model also allowed more flexibility in modeling of other paver parameters including paver interlock and complex underneath geometry. This paper briefly describes the numerical model developed by Sun & Bienkiewicz and illustrates its application for paver systems of simplified and complex geometry. Numerical results are compared with wind tunnel measurements. Also presented in the paper are preliminary results of parametric numerical studies of the effects of paver size and geometry on the wind loading on roof pavers.
Date
6/1993
6/1993
Author(s)
B Bienkiewicz; Y Sun
B Bienkiewicz; Y Sun
Page(s)
105-114
105-114
Keyword(s)
wind load; loose laid; ballast paver; numerical study;
wind load; loose laid; ballast paver; numerical study;